Timber Window Hardware: The Complete UK Guide

In this article, you’ll discover:

• Handle types for timber windows and when to use each
• Casement stays vs friction hinges
• Security locks and PAS 24 explained
• Finish options for different property styles

Window hardware might seem like a small detail. But get it wrong and you’ll be reminded every time you open a window. Handles that don’t suit the style. Stays that won’t hold. Locks that look like they belong on a garden shed.

We’ve fitted thousands of timber windows, and the hardware choices matter more than people realise. The right ironmongery enhances both look and functionality. The wrong choice? It’s like putting plastic handles on an oak front door.

Window Handles: Types and Applications

Espagnolette (Espag) Handles

The modern standard for flush casement windows. Espag handles operate a multi-point locking mechanism — when turned, locking points engage at multiple positions around the frame. Most include a key-locking position for additional security. Available in all standard finishes.

Monkey Tail and Peardrop Handles

Traditional designs with curved or rounded profiles — the go-to choice for period properties. Originated in the Georgian era and remained popular through Victorian and Edwardian times. Modern versions often incorporate espagnolette mechanisms, giving you traditional aesthetics with contemporary security.

Sash Window Hardware

For sash windows, the fitch fastener locks the two sashes together. Modern versions add key-locking for security. Sash lifts range from simple hook lifts (Georgian) to more ornate patterns (Victorian).

Casement Stays and Restrictors

Traditional Casement Stays

A flat metal bar with holes that hooks onto pins on the window sill. Simple, reliable, unchanged for over a century. Lengths vary (200mm, 250mm, 300mm) — choose based on window size. For period properties, matching finish (black antique, brass, bronze) is part of the authentic look.

Friction Hinges

The modern alternative — combines hinge and stay functions. The friction mechanism holds the window at any angle without pins or hooks. Cleaner aesthetics, easier operation, ability to reverse sash for cleaning. The trade-off is a contemporary appearance that may not suit traditional properties.

Child Safety Restrictors

Building Regulations require windows above certain heights to limit opening to 100mm unless deliberately overridden. Most friction hinges include built-in restrictors. Not optional for upper-floor windows where children might be present.

Security: Locks and Standards

Around 30% of burglaries involve window entry. Good locks make a genuine difference.

Multi-point locking: Modern espag systems engage at least three locking points simultaneously, distributing force across multiple positions rather than one latch. Higher-security windows add shootbolts extending into the frame at top and bottom.

PAS 24: The British security standard for doors and windows. Products are physically tested against defined attack sequences. Building Regulations (Part Q) require ground floor and easily accessible windows to meet PAS 24. Certification covers the complete window system — frame, glazing, and hardware together.

Key-locking considerations: Key-locked handles prevent opening even if glass is broken — but can be a fire escape hazard. Use key-locking on ground floor; non-locking on bedrooms where escape routes matter more.

Hardware Finishes

Finish	Best Suited To	Considerations
Polished Chrome	Modern, contemporary	Shows fingerprints
Satin Chrome	Modern, versatile	More forgiving
Polished Brass	Victorian, Edwardian	Requires polishing
Antique Brass	Period, heritage	Low maintenance
Black Antique	Cottages, farmhouses	Very low maintenance
Bronze	Arts & Crafts, high-end	Premium option

General rule: match window hardware to door furniture for consistency.

Period-Appropriate Hardware

Georgian (1714-1830): Simple, elegant hardware. Fitch fasteners in brass or black, simple ring pulls or hook lifts. Understated function over ornament.

Victorian (1837-1901): More ornate patterns. Monkey tail handles with elaborate detailing, decorative stays. Polished brass or black antique ironwork.

Edwardian (1901-1910): Simpler than Victorian but still quality. Satin brass and early chrome finishes. Casement windows became more common.

For listed buildings, Historic England guidelines may restrict choices — check with your local conservation officer.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I replace hardware without changing the window?

Often yes. Handles, stays, and fasteners can usually be upgraded. However, changing to a different locking system (e.g., adding multi-point locking) typically requires the window to be designed for it.

What finish is most durable?

PVD (Physical Vapour Deposition) finishes are most durable, followed by powder-coated. Polished brass requires regular maintenance. Black antique and bronze age gracefully.

Do I need PAS 24 rated hardware?

For new builds, Building Regulations require ground floor and easily accessible windows to meet PAS 24. For existing homes, it’s recommended but not mandatory.

Casement stays vs friction hinges?

Casement stays hold windows at fixed positions with visible fittings. Friction hinges hold at any angle without additional hardware. Stays suit period properties; friction hinges suit modern aesthetics.

Getting the Hardware Right

Think about style (what suits your property), function (security, child safety), and finish (matching other hardware). Get those three right and you won’t go wrong.

At Timber Windows Direct, we offer a full range of hardware options. Get in touch to discuss what would work best for your project.